CONTENTS

3HAPTER

I CULTURE, CIVILIZATION, AND PROGRESS I

II PROBLEMS OF DIFFUSION 7

III THE INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENT 17

IV RETROGRESSION 25

V THE CONDITIONS OF INVENTIVENESS 39

VI THE BEGINNINGS OF CULTURE 50
TO THE MACHINERY OF DIFFUSION 58
VIII THE BOW 71
K THE DOMESTICATION OF ANIMALS 86

X THE PLOUGH AND THE HOE 94

XI POTTERY 102

XII THE OUTRIGGER CANOE 115

XIII THE CAST-NET 123

XIV THE KITE 127

XV THE MUMMY 133

XVI PROBLEMS OF NEGRO AFRICA 146

XVII PROBLEMS OF AMERICA 154

XVIII THE FOUNDATIONS OF CIVILIZATION 170
BIBLIOGRAPHY 183
INDEX 187